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The Nigeria Police made a total of N20.35 billion between January last year and June this year from extorting money from motorists at illegal checkpoints, a report by the global organisation, Human Rights Watch has revealed.

Emeka Umeagbalasi, the chairman of the International Society for Civil Liberties and the Rule of Law presented the report in Lagos said checkpoints in the South East yielded the highest sums. Giving a breakdown of what is made from the different regions, Mr. Umeagbalasi said N9.35 billion was realised from the South East, South-South brought in N4 billion, while the South-West nets the police N4 billion. In the North Central, which includes Abuja, N2 billion was made, while the North East and North West brought in N500 million each..

"Of course that shows that the extortion is highly concentrated in the southern part of the country," said Mr Umeagbalasi.

Yesterday, the Nigeria Police dismissed the report as "embellished innuendoes and suggestive graphics aimed at reaching a preconceived conclusion". A statement by Emeka Ojukwu, Force spokesman, said the report lacked merit and should not be relied upon.

The report titled, ‘Everyone's in on the Game: Corruption and Human Rights Abuses by the Nigeria Police Force,' said, "one civil society group in Anambra State estimated that in 2008 the police collected approximately N540 million ($4.5million) in illegal ‘tolls' from some 70 police checkpoints along the state's roadways." Eric Guttschuss, a researcher at the Human Rights Watch, called on the appropriate authority to ensure that legislations are put in place to end the extortions. The group said the sum did not include the "wetin you carry" money, the pre-trial bail fees, and commercialisation of criminal enquiry, but concentrated on just the N20 illegal toll, so the figures do not represent the entire extortion sum.

"What the Human Right Watch is saying is that yes we know that police is corrupt and killing outside the law, now, what are the factors that make them corrupt and kill outside the law? This is where corruption comes in. The situation is if you are able to pay you will be released and if not you will die, the situation is that worse," Mr. Umeagbalasi said.

Corruption unlimited

The report observes that corruption in the force ranges from armed officers extorting money at checkpoints to top officials embezzling police funds, thereby depriving people from living in a more secured environment.

The Network on Police Reform in Nigeria claims yesterday that 34,000 individuals have been killed outside the law, "in the last 11 years, over 13,000 people have been killed within the context of ethno religious crisis in Nigeria, and then we now say that outside this about 10,000 might have died over police related unlawful killings. I am sure you know police can kill, but there is a legal stipulation, otherwise we say unlawful killing. Then another 10,000 died as a result of vigilante killing."

The 102-page report said there was lack of political will to reform the force and the impunity in the system means Nigerians are more likely to encounter police threatening them and demanding bribes than enforcing law.

"Good policing is the bedrock for the rule of law and public safety," said Corinne Dufka, senior West Africa researcher at Human Rights Watch. "The long-term failure of the Nigerian authorities to address police bribery, extortion, and wholesale embezzlement threatens the basic rights of all Nigerians." The report is part of the group's findings from a field research conducted in Lagos, Anambra, Abuja and Kaduna; and telephone interviews in Rivers and Ebonyi states, all representing different geo-political zones in the country.

The report revealed that in major Nigerian cities, armed police set up checkpoints every evening ostensibly to control high levels of crime, including armed robbery and kidnapping, but the checkpoints are in reality tolls at which officers attempt to force motorists to pay money by all means, using familiar slangs that are familiar with commercial motorists.

A long way

Mr. Ojukwu, said he believes that the Nigeria Police have come a long way from "its colonial era of oppression and has survived many years of neglect and under-funding." He said that the force has faced enormous challenges in meeting its obligations of ensuring safety and security.

He said in its efforts to sanitise the system, the force has in the last one year sanctioned 764 senior officers and 8,831 junior officers for various acts of indiscipline.

When next you are flagged down at a checkpoint by policemen, especially at lonely spots between the hours of 9pm and 5am, you need to be careful and more vigilant as the men in black may not be genuine policemen.

A gang of armed robbers arrested by the police in Lagos State on their way from a successful operation at a spot in Ijebu Ode area of Ogun State, told PUNCH METRO that what one needed to rob successfully along the route were confidence, torch and black clothes that look like police uniform.

The quartet of Anayo Nwaga, Christian Obika, Johnson Onie and Chukwudi Nwankwo, were arrested by policemen attached to Rapid Response Squad of the Lagos State Government.

The Lagos State police spokesman, Mr. Frank Mba, who spoke with our correspondent, said what attracted the policemen to the suspects when they were stopped at a checkpoint was a big wound on the arm of one of them.

Mba said, “Further search into the bus they were driving revealed a number of telephone sets, which obviously were not their own because they were packed in a bag. There was also a large amount of money on them among other things. The policemen became suspicious and decided to take the suspects with them.

“It was not long before one of them broke down and confessed to the policemen how they robbed unsuspecting motorists at a spot at Ijebu Ode, pretending to be policemen.”

Obika, who divulged the information that put other suspects in trouble, said he was reluctant to join the gang because of the risks involved.

“But I have to do the job because I need the money. For instance now, my father has just died and I need a lot of money for the burial,” he said.

Obika said they usually selected a lonely spot on the expressway. According to him, “We are usually in colour clothes and we drive to the place like any other drivers. We usually operate around Ijebu Ode because there are so many lonely spots there.,

“Once we select our spot, we change into black clothes and cut some sticks from the nearby bush. We will wrap these sticks with black celotape and in darkness, it will look like gun. We will them mount a road block and we will start flashing oncoming vehicles with our torch. Once the driver slows down, we quickly assess the occupants and once we suspect that they might have things in their vehicles, we will stop them and rob them. Some of us will point the stick at them, making it look as if we will shoot them if they don‘t cooperate. But we have never killed or injured anybody during operation.”

Chukwudi also said the aim of the gang was not to injure people but to get money from them “in order to survive and we don‘t even do it everyday.”

But Mba said the police would need to conclude their investigation before arraigning the suspects in court.

He said, “However, the confession of these men has brought to the mind the need to be careful when driving. If people stop you on the highway, be sure that they are policemen before you stop.

“And if the journey is not absolutely necessary in the night, why not make it in the day time? The police will not however stop at ridding the society of bad elements like these suspects.”